Combined Cycle Power Plants
Integrated Technologies that Enhance Power Plant Operating Flexibility
presented at PowerGen International 2007 – New Orleans, LA
The US electric power industry has changed dramatically since the downturn of the gas-turbine-based market in the early 2000's. In the years prior to this, nearly all combined-cycle plants were planned, permitted and built with the expectation to be operated predominatly in base load. With the addition of excess generating capacity in the industry coupled with rising natural gas prices, many of the new plants had to address a new set of challenges posted by nightly and weekend shutdowns and subsequent fast start-up requirements to remain economically viable.
Introduction to the Complementary Fired Combined Cycle Power Plant
presented at PowerGen 2006 - Orlando, Florida
This paper challenges the conventional method of fuel-based bottoming cycle power augmentation in a combined cycle plant, in which a fuel source is combusted in the hot flue gas stream internal to a combined cycle HRSG - also known as supplementary firing or duct firing. Although duct firing is an effective means of increasing plant capacity, it significantly reduces the plant efficiency. Additionally, as the world fuel markets continue to incur a substantial increase in demand, power plant owners and operators are more actively seeking plant solutions that provide better performance flexibility. Retrofitting applications are also explored. Ancillary advantages of the CFCC plant are enumerated, along with economic comparisons of plant Life Cycle Costs.
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Fast Cycling Capability for New Plants and Upgrade Opportunities
presented at Power Gen Asia 2005
A fast start-up plant gives plant owner business opportunities like utilizing hourly and seasonal market arbitrage, participation in ancillary energy markets or peak shaving. These factors can be implemented in an economic evaluation model and improve the economic benefit of a project.
This paper gives an overview about recent improvements with respect to operational flexibility, the technical features of a cycling plant and it shows an approach for economic evaluation of flexibility.
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Zero Discharge Concept – A Contribution to Environment and Economics
presented at Power Gen Asia 2005
Reducing water consumption and avoiding effluents is a general goal nowadays. On one hand the water consumption affects the project profitability due to additional initial and life cycle costs like expenses for the demineralised water supply and for waste water disposal.
On the other hand avoiding high water consumption and avoiding waste water disposal is an important contribution to environmental protection and finally can help to ease the permitting phase of a project.
This paper presents an example how Siemens Reference Power Plants are designed to achieve the target of low water consumption and low waste water disposal.
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SCC5-4000F Single Shaft (SST5-5000): A single shaft concept for cold cooling water Conditions
presented at Power Gen Europe 2005
In the 400 MW class, Siemens provides two 50 Hz single shaft Reference Power Plants called SCC5-4000F Single Shaft. Both are based on the SGT5-4000F gas turbine, the SGen5-2000H hydrogen cooled generator and a steam turbine coupled through a self shifting and synchronizing (SSS) clutch to the generator.
The paper addresses the Reference Power Plant development process, the single shaft design referring to a SCC5-4000F Single Shaft (SST5-5000) and features for high operating flexibility.
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Low Emission Water/Steam Cycle – A Contribution to Environment and Economics
presented at Power Gen Europe 2005
Avoiding emissions is a general goal nowadays. On one hand producing emissions affects the project profitability due to additional initial and life cycle costs like expenses for waste water disposals and the subsequent supply of demineralised water.
On the other hand avoiding emissions is an important contribution to environmental protection and finally can help to ease the permitting phase of a project.This paper presents two examples how Siemens Reference Power Plants are designed to achieve the target of low emissions.
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Introducing The 1S.W501G Single-Shaft Combined-Cycle Refernce Power Plant
presented at Electric Power 2004
Driven by the requirements of the US electric power market, the suppliers of power plants are challenged to reconcile both plant efficiency and operating flexibility. It is also anticipated that the future market will require more power plants with increased power density by means of a single gas turbine based combined-cycle plant.
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